Most Americans believe ultraprocessed foods pose a major threat to public health and support stronger government oversight of the industry, according to new research led by Cornell University that found broad agreement across political lines on an issue that has often divided policymakers.
The study, based on a nationally representative survey of 2,000 U.S. adults, found that more than 60% of respondents believe ultraprocessed foods are addictive and major contributors to obesity, Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Researchers said the findings suggest public attitudes toward ultraprocessed foods increasingly resemble views that helped drive regulation of the tobacco and vape industry.
Ultraprocessed foods include products such as sugary drinks, processed meats and prepackaged baked goods, which researchers said account for a majority of calories consumed by Americans. Nearly 70% of survey participants said they believe the foods are addictive, while more than 60% expressed skepticism about industry practices, including concerns that products are marketed in ways that encourage overconsumption and addiction among children.
Researchers also found strong support for potential government action. More than 80% of respondents backed requiring safety testing for laboratory-made food additives before they can be used in products. Roughly two-thirds supported national education campaigns, warning labels, restrictions on advertising to children and bans on certain food dyes. A majority also favored legal or accountability measures targeting food companies.
The study’s authors said one of the most significant findings was the level of bipartisan agreement. While public health issues often become politically polarized, researchers found relatively broad consensus among Democrats, Republicans and independents. They argued that growing public concern, combined with emerging scientific evidence and increased scrutiny from policymakers, could create momentum for future reforms aimed at reducing the health impacts of ultraprocessed foods.
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