House Republicans are facing internal conflict ahead of a critical vote on the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” a massive legislative package backed by President Donald Trump.
What is the Trump megabill?
The legislation combines key Trump tax cuts with sweeping reforms to federal safety-net programs. It includes:
- Extensions of 2017 tax cuts
- New deductions for overtime and tipped wages
- Work requirements for Medicaid and SNAP
- Cuts to green energy tax credits
- Funding for border security and deportation programs
All 11 sections of the bill were finalized in recent committee markups and are now set to be merged by the House Budget Committee.
Why it’s on thin ice
Several conservative Republicans on the Budget Committee—Reps. Chip Roy (R-Texas), Ralph Norman (R-S.C.), and Andrew Clyde (R-Ga.)—say they will vote against the bill unless major changes are made. Their opposition is enough to stall the package in committee.
Clyde stated he would not support the bill without addressing issues related to Medicaid funding and the Second Amendment.
Other members are waiting on revised cost estimates from the Congressional Budget Office before committing to a vote.
Pressure from blue-state Republicans
Republicans from high-tax states are also pushing for changes. They want to raise the state and local tax (SALT) deduction cap from $10,000 to $30,000 for high earners. Speaker Mike Johnson has acknowledged that increasing the SALT cap will require cuts elsewhere in the bill.
“If you do more on SALT, you have to find more in savings,” Johnson said.
Key provisions on the line
The bill proposes:
- Medicaid cuts: Up to $715 billion in savings, with work requirements beginning in 2029 or sooner
- SNAP reform: Stricter eligibility and cost-sharing mandates
- Tax credits: Expanded deductions for overtime, small businesses, and families
- Border security: $350 billion in funding through redirected savings
Democrats argue the bill could result in over 7 million people losing coverage under Medicaid or ACA marketplace plans. GOP committee staff insist the changes are narrow and misunderstood.
What’s next
The House Budget Committee vote, initially set for Friday, may be delayed as negotiations continue. If it passes, the bill moves to the Rules Committee and could reach the House floor the week after Memorial Day.
However, with only a slim majority and growing pressure from both ideological wings of the party, Republican leaders face a tough path forward.
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