A Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar study found that SARS-CoV-2 evolved from prioritizing transmission to evading immunity after the Omicron variant emerged. Before Omicron, natural immunity from prior infections provided strong protection, but post-Omicron, immunity declined rapidly, leading to repeated reinfections.
Researchers analyzed data from over 1.5 million people, showing that earlier variants like Alpha and Delta spread efficiently, while Omicron and its subvariants evolved to bypass immune defenses. This shift explains why reinfections have become common, mirroring seasonal viruses like influenza.
Experts stress that SARS-CoV-2 is here to stay but now causes mostly mild cases. Regular vaccine updates will be key to maintaining immunity and protecting high-risk individuals as the virus continues to evolve.
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